Hypertension, or high blood pressure, is a common condition that is characterized by elevated blood pressure in the arteries. It is a major risk factor for a number of serious health conditions, including stroke, heart attack, and kidney disease. The renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) is a complex system that plays a key role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance in the body. Dysregulation of the RAAS is a major contributor to the development of hypertension.
The Components of the RAAS
The RAAS consists of three main components:
- Renin: an enzyme produced by the kidneys that activates angiotensinogen
- Angiotensinogen: a protein produced by the liver that is activated by renin to form angiotensin I
- Angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE): an enzyme that converts angiotensin I to angiotensin II
The Role of the RAAS in Hypertension
Angiotensin II is a potent vasoconstrictor, meaning that it narrows the blood vessels and increases blood pressure. It also stimulates the secretion of aldosterone, a hormone produced by the adrenal gland that promotes the retention of sodium and water in the body. These effects of angiotensin II contribute to the development of hypertension.
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